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How much passive investing is too much?

Warnings that index funds have broken the stock market all imply a threshold: a share of the market at which price discovery fails. Nobody making the argument names it. Owen Lamont, writing in the Financial Analysts Journal, argues that no such number exists short of complete passive ownership, and that what actually determines whether prices stay informative is who is left doing the trading. His case, the strongest peer-reviewed research against it, and what the performance

Robin Powell

A trading floor of identical desks and repeating market charts, illustrating hedge fund crowding in the same small group of stocks

Hedge fund crowding just hit a record. This is what it looks like

Hedge funds are sold on diversification, uncorrelated returns and capital preservation. Goldman Sachs publishes the 50 stocks that turn up most often among their largest long positions, and eight of the ten biggest make chips, memory or the machines that make chips. Most of what a hedge fund does never reaches a regulatory filing. The disclosed long book is the one part investors can inspect, and at the middle of this year it was almost 40 per cent technology.

TEBI

Aug 257 min read

Jenga tower with weight concentrated on a few coloured blocks at the base, illustrating S&P 500 concentration risk and the fragility of portfolios reliant on a small number of holdings.

S&P 500 concentration risk: is your portfolio really diversified?

S&P 500 concentration risk is at historic highs. If you own a global tracker, your portfolio may be far less diversified than you think. Here's what you can do about it.